In the initial cournot duopoly equilibrium, both firms have constant marginal costs, m, and no fixed costs, and there is a barrier to entry. show what happens to the best-response function of firms if both firms now face a fixed cost of f let market demand be p-a -bq, where a and b are positive parameters with 2 firms. let q1 and q2 be the amount produced by firm 1 and firm 2, respectively. assuming it is optimal for the firm one to produce, its best-response function is i. (properly format your expression using the tools in the palette. hover over tools to see keyboard shortcuts. eg., a subscript can be created with the- q1 = character.)

The best response functions are given by

Explanation:

Under no fixed costs the total costs is

for i=1,2. The market demand is given by

where is the total production

Firm 1 and 2 will maximize its own profits. Since this firms are symmetric the problems are too

The first order conditions (take derivative of the profit with respect to are given by

Then the best-response function for Firm 1 will be

and the solution for Firm 2 would be the symmetric

Now we can add fixed costs, so total costs now look

 for i=1,2

the profit maximization problem for firm 1 looks now

The first order conditions are given by

note that this equation is the same as in the absence of Fixed Costs. So the solutions would be the same. Fixed costs don't change the optimal level of production of these firms.

Note that Total Costs are given by fixed costs (F) and marginal costs (m) that depend on the production level of the firm

for i=1,2. The market demand is given by

where is the total production, so it's the sum of each firms production

Firm 1 will maximize it's own profits

The first order conditions (take derivative of the profit with respect to are given by

Then the best-response function for Firm 1 will be

and the solution for Firm 2 would be symmetric.

Note that only marginal costs are relevant for getting the best-response function, so adding fixed costs (F) don't change the results

Explanation:

the correct answer is economics is a game without winners or losers.

unlike sports or games economic is a game without losers or winner rather it is a game where everyone wins. parties of business doing businesses exchange money with each other and hence exchange is done on the basis of goods. one party takes the goods and other sales it so there is winner on both sides. each party values more highly the good it gets than the good it gives up. both sides exchange only because both intend to increase their value. so there is no concept of lose or win.