Crandal dockworks is undergoing a major expansion. the expansion will be financed by issuing new 15-year, $1,000 par, 9% annual coupon bonds. the market price of the bonds is $1,070 each. five rivers flotation expense on the new bonds will be $50 per bond. crandal's marginal tax rate is 35%. what is the yield to maturity on the newly-issued bonds? a) 6.95%b) 7.99%c) 8.17%d) 9.82%

As the inventor of hypertension medication, onesure pharmaceuticals (osp) inc. was able to reap the benefits of economies of scale due to a large consumer demand for the drug. even when competitors later developed similar drugs after the expiry of osp's patents, regular users did not want to switch because they were concerned about possible side effects. which of the following benefits does this scenario best illustrate? a. first-mover advantages b. social benefits c. network externalities d. fringe benefits