When changes to taxes and spending occur in the economy without explicit action by the central government, such policy is: 
a. cyclical
b. variable
c. discretionary
d. nondiscretionary

Colah company purchased $1.8 million of jackson, inc. 8% bonds at par on july 1, 2018, with interest paid semi-annually. when the bonds were acquired colah decided to elect the fair value option for accounting for its investment. at december 31, 2018, the jackson bonds had a fair value of $2.08 million. colah sold the jackson bonds on july 1, 2019 for $1,620,000. the purchase of the jackson bonds on july 1. interest revenue for the last half of 2018. any year-end 2018 adjusting entries. interest revenue for the first half of 2019. any entry or entries necessary upon sale of the jackson bonds on july 1, 2019. required: 1. prepare colah's journal entries for above transaction.

Biochemical corp. requires $600,000 in financing over the next three years. the firm can borrow the funds for three years at 10.80 percent interest per year. the ceo decides to do a forecast and predicts that if she utilizes short-term financing instead, she will pay 7.50 percent interest in the first year, 12.15 percent interest in the second year, and 8.25 percent interest in the third year. assume interest is paid in full at the end of each year. a)determine the total interest cost under each plan. a) long term fixed rate: b) short term fixed rate: b) which plan is less costly? a) long term fixed rate plan b) short term variable rate plan

Gamegirl inc., has the following transactions during august. august 6 sold 76 handheld game devices for $230 each to ds unlimited on account, terms 2/10, net 60. the cost of the 76 game devices sold, was $210 each. august 10 ds unlimited returned six game devices purchased on 6th august since they were defective. august 14 received full amount due from ds unlimited. required: prepare the transactions for gamegirl, inc., assuming the company uses a perpetual inventory syste