The crowding-out effect suggests that: 
a. increases in consumption are always at the expense of saving
b. increases in government spending will close a recessionary expenditure gap
c. increases in government spending may raise the interest rate and thereby reduce investment
d. high taxes reduce both consumption and saving

Three students were applying to the same graduate school. they came from schools with different grading systems. student gpa school average gpa school standard deviation thuy 2.9 3.2 0.8 vichet 83 75 20 kamala 8.6 8 0.4 which student had the best gpa when compared to other students at his school? explain how you determined your answer. (enter your standard deviation to two decimal places.) correct: your answer is correct. had the best gpa compared to other students at his school, since his gpa is 2.25 incorrect: your answer is incorrect. standard deviations correct: your answer is correct. his school's average gpa.