The genes for hprt (mutation of which causes lesch-nyhan syndrome) and factor viii (mutation of which causes hemophilia a) are located about 15 cm apart on the x chromosome. a male afflicted with both lesch-nyhan syndrome and hemophilia a has an unaffected daughter. she mates with a normal man and has a son who has hemophilia a . approximately what are the chances that he (her son) is also afflicted with lesch-nyhan syndrome?

Suppose the marginal damage and marginal benefit curves in a polluted neighborhood are md = p/3 and mb = 4 – p. also, suppose that transactions costs are low, so that the consumers and the firm can bargain. we saw that in this case, the socially-optimal level of pollution is achieved. start by computing the socially-optimal p. then, for each of the following cases, compute the amount of money transferred through the bargaining process, and indicate who pays whom (i.e., whether consumers pay the firm, or vice versa). also, compute the gains to each party relative to the status quo (i.e., the starting point of the bargaining process).a)consumers have the right to clean air; firm is dominant in the bargaining process.b)consumers have the right to clean air; consumers are dominant in the bargaining process.c)firm has the right to pollute; firm is dominant in the bargaining process.d)firm has the right to pollute; consumers are dominant in the bargaining proces