Atoka manufacturing uses a standard cost system. standards for direct materials are as follows: direct materials (pounds per unit of output) 3 cost per pound of direct materials $ 5 actual purchases of direct materials for the current month are 10 comma 000 pounds for $ 49 comma 800. planned and actual production for the month is 3 comma 100 units. atoka has issued 10 comma 000 pounds of direct materials to production. the journal entry to record this transaction is

Pennewell publishing inc. (pp) is a zero growth company. it currently has zero debt and its earnings before interest and taxes (ebit) are $80,000. pp's current cost of equity is 10%, and its tax rate is 40%. the firm has 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding selling at a price per share of $48.00. refer to the data for pennewell publishing inc. (pp). pp is considering changing its capital structure to one with 30% debt and 70% equity, based on market values. the debt would have an interest rate of 8%. the new funds would be used to repurchase stock. it is estimated that the increase in risk resulting from the added leverage would cause the required rate of return on equity to rise to 12%. if this plan were carried out, what would be pp's new value of operations? a. $484,359 b. $521,173 c. $584,653 d. $560,748 e. $487,805