Which of the following accurately describes how raising the required reserve ratio reduces the money supply? a. when the required reserve ratio is raised, banks have less incentive to give loans because they make less profit on these loans. b. when the required reserve ratio is raised, banks can loan out a larger portion of their reserves, leaving less of a supply on hand. c. when the required reserve ratio is raised, banks must loan out a smaller portion of their reserves, resulting in fewer loans. d. when the required reserve ratio is raised, banks must raise interest rates so that fewer people can afford to take loans. 2b2t