Which of the following is not a federal income tax deduction?

a.
excise taxes

b.
property taxes

c.
state income taxes

d.
general sales taxes

The market yield on spice grills' bonds is 15%, and the firm's marginal tax rate is 33%. what is their shareholders' required return if the equity risk premium is 4%?

The following information is available for juno company for the month ending june 30, 2019. * balance as per the bank statement is $ 11 comma 000. * balance as per books is $ 10 comma 400. * check #506 for $ 1 comma 200 and check #510 for $ 900 were not shown on the june 30, bank statement. * a deposit in transit of $ 3 comma 346 had not been received by the bank when the bank statement was generated. * a bank debit memo indicated an nsf check for $ 70 written by jane smith to juno company on june 13. * a bank credit memo indicated a note collected by the bank of $ 1 comma 900 and interest revenue of $ 51 on june 20. * the bank statement indicated service charges of $ 35. what is the adjusted book balance?

During which of the following phases of the business cycle does the real gdp fall? a. trough b. expansion c. contraction d. peak