What do we refer to when we separate things into groups based on their common characteristics?

The images show fossils of a modern bird and two extinct organisms (a tyrannosaurus rex and an archaeopteryx). based on the structure of the three organisms, it can be concluded that . the archaeopteryx and bird have wings, while dinosaurs have limbs. so, it can be concluded that .

Wht happens as electrons in the electron transport chain release their energy

Suppose you have monohybrid pea plants in your garden and find that they produce round seed to wrinkled seeds in the ratio of 3: 1. if the allele are designated (r & r) receptively. what is the probable genotypes of the round seeds which produced f 1 ? rr & rr rr only rr & rr rr only rr only