Brain imaging studies consistently show that ptsd is correlated with smaller volume in the brain.

Correct Hippocampal

Brain imaging, structural or functional helps us to study the structure and functions of the brain and other parts of the nervous system. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder affects a network of brain areas, like hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate, and prefrontal cortex. In PTSD, the concentrations of corticotropin- releasing factors increases in the cerebrospinal fluids. This stress also leads to the change in the volume and functions of hippocampus, which has a crucial role in memory.

wild parsnip is a perennial plant which reproduces rapidly in areas which have no sign of agricultural activity such roadside or at no tillage open areas. it's considered invasive because it can inhibit the growth of another plant  and its reproduction is fast. there are several harmful effects of this invasive plant although its taproot is edible since it is a member of the carrot family. wild parsnips can cause skin blistering when in contact because of the chemicals it contains, second it inhibits the growth of other plants, it will restrict the growth of animals when eaten and lastly, it drives away natural pollinators like bees.