Phosphorylation cascades involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction because they phosphorylation cascades involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction because they amplify the original signal many times are species specific counter the harmful effects of phosphatases always lead to the same cellular response use a small and fixed number of molecules

Ans. They amplify the original signal manyfold.

 Phosphorylation cascade is a series of event in which one enzyme phosphorylate another thereby causing a chain reaction that result into the phosphorylation of thousand proteins. Thus, the enzymes responsible for phosphorylation are known as kinase. Hence, these cascades serve to amplify the original signal and also improving the signal.

one part of the electromagnetic spectrum that arrives on earth as solar radiation from the sun is the visible spectrum. wavelengths of the visible spectrum combine to form what we refer to as

answer - d) ultraviolet radiation.

violet /   380–450 nm / 668–789 thz

violet is number 1 in the chart of visible light.