Explain how the use of oil as an energy source can potentially affect aquatic viability.

The crude oil is one of the important types of fossil fuel that is comprised of hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen elements. It is very widely used. This oil reaches the ocean water through the ships, where oil spillage occurs and also at the offshore oil drilling sites, where a large volume of oil gets leaked accidentally.

This release and mixing up of oil with the ocean water directly affects the marine organisms such as tortoises, fishes, and corals by contaminating the marine aquatic ecosystem.

The outer shells of the organisms are affected and the nutrients that they are dependent on are also contaminated by the oil.

Thus, this spilling of oil can cause a tremendous effect on the lives of marine habitats.

the correct answer is: b. pantala flavescens, because these organisms would have a high level of genetic variation due to sexual reproduction.  

because involves two organisms (parents) whose genetic material combines, sexual reproduction leads to genetic variation in new generations of offspring. the offspring is an unique organism, with new genome, more protected with the higher ability to adapted. this process is fundamental to evolution.