Which of the following is an example of instrumental aggression? a. cutting off another driver in heavy traffic b. holding up a bank (bank robbery) c. shoving another person during an argument d. performing a headlock on an attacker

The right option is B. holding up a bank (bank robbery) 
Instrumental aggression is a form of aggression which is carried out as a means of securing some reward or to achieve a specific goal. Holding up a bank (bank robbery) is an example of instrumental aggression because it is done for a specific goal which is to obtain money, assets or other property owned or held by the bank.

those characteristics are cellular organization, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, response to stimuli, growth and development, and adaptation through evolution. some things, such as a virus, demonstrate only a few of these characteristics and are, therefore, not alive