According to the universal law of gravitation everything has a gravitation force because everything has mass not everything has a gravitational force because not everything existed when gravity first existed gravity is uniform across the universe gravity only depends upon the mass of an object

The correct answer is:

a. everything has a gravitation force because everything has mass

In fact, the universal law of gravitation states that every object with mass M exerts an attractive, gravitational force to any other object with mass m, and the size of this force is given by:

where G is the gravitational constant, and r is the distance between the two objects.

the circled areas are referred to   as sunspots.   the sunspots are cooler than the   surrounding area.

sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. they correspond to concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection and result in reduced surface temperature compared to the surrounding photosphere.