Which would least likely be a cause of natural selection? adaptation evolution

Glutamic acid: hydrophilic or hydrophobic? positive, negative, or neutral? valine: hydrophilic or hydrophobic? positive, negative, or neutral?

And give a detailed description! scientist observes the boundary between two tectonic plates for a decade and finds that no new volcanoes have formed over the course of her investigation. does this result support the theory of plate tectonics? why or why not?

Freckles are a dominant trait in humans. both of the girls have the genotype ff for freckles. if either one marries a man with no freckles, what are the chances that their children will have freckles?