Which three processes are methods of genetic recombination?
natural selection, crossing over, and independent assortment
crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization
independent assortment, fertilization, and natural selection
fertilization, natural selection, and crossing over

The second option is the answer. Crossing over, independent assortment and fertilization are methods of genetic recombination. Genetic recombination is the production of offspring which possess combinations of traits that differ from those found in either of the parents. Crossover. This is the first way that genes are shuffled in sexual reproduction to produce genetic diversity. Chromosomes line up side by side and break off pieces of themselves, then trade those pieces with each other. Independent assortment. This is the process in which each homologous chromosome in a pair goes into a separate gamete, thus each gamete has only one copy of each gene and that gene may be a different version of the same gene that is in another gamete. Fertilization. External fertilization, common in organisms that live underwater such as fish and frogs, increases the number of eggs that sperm encounter. Not only does this result in a greater number of offspring, but it generates more genetic diversity. Internal fertilization e.g. in mice also has the advantage of producing four to eight pups after mating thus increasing diversity.