In hemoglobin, the shift from glutamic acid to valine is considered what type of mutation?

Point mutation

Explanation:

Change in single nucleotide of the DNA is referred to as point mutation. In hemoglobin, point mutation replaces the "adenine base" by "thymine" at the 17th nucleotide of the hemoglobin beta gene. This single nucleotide mutation replace the codon GAG (glutamic acid) to GTG (which encodes amino acid valine) and causes sickle cell anemia.

cellular respiration oxidizes food into energy in the form of atps.

glycolysis (6 c hexose) > 2x atps are used > 6c hexose biphosphate > 2 x 3c triphosphate >

2 x 3c pyruvate (2x nadh produced from nad) and (4x atp produced)

pyruvate actively pumped mitochondrial matrix.

they dont have any evidence