Succession is affected by
a. climate
b. soil
c. geography
d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Explanation:

An ecological succession can be define as the changes in the biotic community of an ecosystem with respect to the changes that occur in the abiotic factors such as water, wind, sunlight and calamity with respect to time until the ecosystem attains stability.

The climate, soil and geography are the physical abiotic factors which supports the environment for the survival of the biotic community. Hence, any change occurring in these factors can affect the change in the biotic community. Therefore, a succession will be caused by all of these factors.

answer; i believe that the correct answer is (light);

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.