Imagine that a population of deer living on an island without any predators was threatened with overpopulation, until wolves were imported. after a couple of years, there were fewer deer, but their average running speed and length of their legs had increased. what process accounts for the change?

This is an example of natural selection. A population is BEST defined as all individuals of the same species, located in a given region of the world. The predators can recognize the color and, either through natural selection (if the prey is toxic) or learning (if the prey is merely unpalatable), avoid the prey.  

multiple allele inheritance is traits controlled by more than 2 alleles (ex: pigeons having 3 alleles of one gene govern their feather color).   so the answer is a.