One difference between weather and climate is that weather is the day to day conditions, whereas climate is the conditions expected over relatively long periods of time climate is the day to day conditions, whereas weather is the conditions expected over relatively long periods of time weather is localized, and climate occurs over large areas climate is localized, and weather occurs over large areas

The answer is the first option.
Weather is the day to day conditions, where climate is the conditions expected over relatively long periods of time.

For example, we may ask "what is the weather today?" instead of "what is the climate today?"
"today" is a short period of time.
For example, we may ask "what is the climate Egypt ?" it's not about the day to day condition, instead we're asking for the overall condition. And people may answer "it's dry and hot".

C. gemstones they are the only non metallic mineral from the list.