Identify several things that can be seen with a karyotype.

Generally speaking ,karyotyping, can  determine the gender of an individual and the presence/ absence of chromosomal defects which could lead to disabilities ,diseases and problems in the person’s growth and development, as well as the probability which it could be passed on to the offspring. This is done through the evaluation of the number, shape, size, and position of the chromosomes within a body cell. 

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.