What is the specialized kidney shaped cells that open and close the stomata

How many copies of each chromosomes should be present in each of the 4 final haploid versions of gamete?

An easy way to calculate the amount of energy available at each level is to what?

How are the reproductive cycles of a fungus and a pteridophyte similar? a)both organisms form fruiting bodies that produce diploid seeds. b)both organisms produce haploid spores and exhibit diploid and haploid stages. c)both organisms reproduce sexually when two haploid hyphae fuse. d)both organisms exhibit a diploid stage and are only able to reproduce asexually.