O2 is the final e- acceptor in oxidative phosphorylation. where does these e- come from ?

How can you approximate the number of calories required to keep you in energy balance?

Jason adds the antibiotic penicillin to a bacterial culture. the bacteria develop genetic modifications in their genome, which gives them resistance to the antibiotic penicillin. what caused this genetic modification?

The vaccine in a flu shot contains weakened flu viruses. how does a flu shot work with the immune system? a. it destroys lymphocytes. b. it destroys macrophages. c. it activates macrophages. d. it activates lymphocytes.