The adenine nucleotide translocase (ADP-ATP translocase), a transporter located in the innter mitochondrial membrane, transports ADP and ATP across the membrane. It is an antiporter. (Recall that these adenine nucleotides are negatively charged: ADP3- and ATP4-.) Phosphate translocase is also located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It transports H+ and phosphate (H2PO4-) across the membrane. It is a symporter. Required:
a. Which direction is ATP^4- transported during times of active oxidative phosphorylation?
b. What drives the transport of adenine nucleotides?
c. What is the ratio of ADP to ATP transported by the adenine nucleotide translocase?