13. Other proteins can be used to establish degrees of evolutionary relatedness between organisms. Would you expect to find roughly the same number of differences in the
amino acid chains of these other proteins, when comparing organisms? Explain your
answer.

How can proteins be used to compare how closely related species are, and how?

- By comparing the amino acid sequence, as related organisms have similar DNA sequences and so similar amino acid sequences in their proteins.

in the year 2850, humans successfully colonized mars. the martian modules that were constructed could hold only a small population of people. it is now a century later, and the population on mars has grown to 600 people. of the current mars population, 45 people express the recessive phenotype for phenylketon- uria (pku) syndrome (pp genotype).

explanation: