PLEASE HELP!! (earth science)

Fossils found in strata reveal that a) innate drive to complexity of life b) unused body parts decrease in size c) older strata carry fossils that differ greatly from living organisms d) geologic changes occur quickly on earth

How can scientists test their ideas about the origin of the universe if they can't physically interact with or study?

Ateam from new york presbyterian hospital is conducting a study about a recent increase in cases involving both excess sweating and kidney stones. what would the team need before it draws a conclusion about the cases? medications that are specifically designed to treat the sickness machines that are built to process blood and reduce symptoms until patients are healthy again data that profile the various patients who report these symptoms proof that the excess sweating is related to the excessive kidney stones