Can someone please help me with these four questions?? Much thanks!!! 1. Which of the following cell types are part of the innate immune system? Select all that apply.
A. SALT cells in the skin
B. B cells
C. M cells
D. Neutrophils
E. T cells

2. Which of the following statements describes a way that bacteria could specifically subvert the natural killer cells of the immune system?
A. The bacteria prevents host cells from producing MHC I
B. The bacteria degrades antibodies in the bloodstream
C. The bacteria blocks the activity of perforin
D. The bacteria produces prostaglandins
E. The bacteria can survive at higher temperatures

3. Suppose you engineer a mutation into a type II secretion system. This mutation renders the machinery unable to extend and retract like a pilus would. What phenotype do you expect?
A. Toxin concentrations will build up in the periplasm
B. Toxin will not be produced by the bacterium
C. More toxins will be exported outside of the cell
D. Toxin molecules will not be properly folded
E. The toxin is rapidly degraded in the cytosol

4. Recent data suggest that the Moderna mRNA vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 generates more antibodies than the Pfizer mRNA vaccine (link to paper here). Based on what you learned in lecture, which type of antibody are the researchers interested in measuring? You don’t need to read the paper to determine the answer.
A. IgM
B. IgG
C. IgD
D. IgE
E. IgA

Aresearcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. eggs are laid at two distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer when flowering is past. caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and look like oak flowers. but caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like oak twigs.how does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the same trees? to answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same population and collected their eggs. he put at least one egg from each female into eight identical cups. the eggs hatched, and at least two larvae from each female were maintained in one of the four temperature and light conditions listed below.in each of the four environments, one of the caterpillars was fed oak flowers, the other oak leaves. thus, there were a total of eight treatment groups (4 environments × 2 diets).which of the following is a testable hypothesis that would explain the differences in caterpillar appearance observed in this population? a) winter causes ugly caterpillar and trees.b) differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.c) the longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twig-like caterpillars.d) differences in air pressure, due to differences in elevation, trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.