Giant tortoises live over 100 years in the wild and usually do not start to reproduce until around 40 years of age. Brown rats only live up to three years and can produce offspring after they are five weeks old. Suppose a brown rat had drifted to the Galápagos Island from the mainland at the same time as the tortoise.
In which organism do you think speciation would likely occur first? Why?

desert perennials often survive by remaining dormant during dry periods of the year, then springing to life when water becomes available. most annual desert plants germinate only after heavy seasonal rain, then complete their reproductive cycle very quickly.

the answer is lactic acid from anaerobic respiration. the acid in lactic acid is what creates sore and burning muscles. if you think about how acid burns that will give you a clue for questions like this.