Question 3 Scientists theorize that all life started with simple prokaryotic organisms. New species continue to evolve from existing
species, creating the variety of life we see today. The following diagram shows the basic process.
animalia
(eukaryotic
fungi
multicellular)
(eukaryotic,
unicellular,
multicellular)
plantae
(eukaryotic
protista
multicellular)
(eukaryotic,
unior
multicellular)
archaebacteria
(prokaryotic,
eubacteria
unicellular)
(prokaryotic
unicellular)
universal
ancestor
Based on this diagram, do you think that organisms of the same order will share a stronger evolutionary relationship than
organisms that share only the same phylum? Explain your reasoning using the results of your investigation.
B
I
U X
X
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А • А

Amutagen is 1: a living thing that has undergone a mutation. 2: an agent that causes a mutation in dna. 3: a mutation that has affected one gene. 4: a chemical that can poison living cells.

Approximately 90% of all cases of polycystic kidney disease are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. the disease is typically related to mutations to genes (pkd1 and pkd2). pkd genes can be found on chromosome 16. the disease occurs in approximately 1: 800 to 1: 1000 people. here is a hypothetical example. the dominant allele d will cause the development of pkd. the recessive allele is known as d. what genotypes would correspond to suffering from pkd? dd, dd what genotypes would correspond to being normal (not suffering from pkd)? dd consider that 1: 1,000 people have pkd in your population of 325million. consider that pkd is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. show you math for all of the following questions: what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is p? what is q? how many people in your population would have pkd?

Where can you find prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?