Although it is less efficient than aerobic respiration fermentation is an important process often occurring during periods of lengthy exercise. How might an athlete know if his body is using this process to produce the energy needed during exercise?

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. researchers have created a robot that has a very thin leg that is moved by cardiac (heart) cells contracting in unison. the robot, made of a polymer similar to that used in making contact lenses, is bathed in heart cells with supporting cells, which then attach to the robot and provide movement as they contract. all of the cardiac cells working together can cause the robot leg to move in a way that individual cells could not. this is an example of a. emergent properties of cells. b. energy flow through an ecosystem. c. adaptation. d. internal environment regulation.

Which of the following factors would not contribute to allopatric speciation? a) a population becomes geographically isolated from the parent population.b) the separated population is small, and genetic drift occurs.c) the isolated population is exposed to different selection pressures than the ancestral population.d) different mutations begin to distinguish the gene pools of the separated populations.e) gene flow between the two populations is extensive.

Astudy by solloch and et. al., in 2017, gives the map above which shows the frequency of alleles with a ccr5-delta32 mutations over 87 different countries. this mutation deletes the presence of a co-receptor (ccr5) on the outside of human t-cells (lymphocytes). some viruses, such as the one responsible for the black death and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), require this receptor for attachment to host cells during the infection process. the black death was an epidemic that passed over northern europe during the 14th century killing nearly 60% of europeans. according to this information, which explanation best explains why northern europeans show a greater immunity for hiv than some other parts of the world?