A patient is being treated with carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Which of the ions will be affected and what will be the effects on urine/plasma pH and urine volume?

bicarbonate ions; urine alkalinization; carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increase urine volume (diuretics drugs)

Explanation:

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are diuretic drugs that have been primarily used to treat glaucoma, a condition where the optic nerve is progressively damaged due to an increased pressure in the eye. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce the production of aqueous humor in the eyes by decreasing bicarbonate (HCO3-) production, thereby also reducing the intraocular pressure, which is useful to treat glaucoma. Diuretics are drugs that are able to increase the volume of urine by stimulating the excretion of salts and water from the kidneys. In the kidneys, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors inhibit HCO3- uptake by the proximal tubule, leading to urine alkalinization.

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