1. Translate the typical HA gene. (Here is a link to a picture of the genetic code. Refer to this picture when doing translation.) 2. Translate the HA gene of each of the four strains.

3. For each of the four strains, describe how the protein is different from the protein produced by the typical HA gene.

4. The strain that is causing the new outbreak would have an HA protein that is different than the typical HA protein, but still functional enough to cause a case of influenza. Identify which of the four strains is likely causing the outbreak and explain why you chose it.

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!