Organisms of either extreme characteristic dying out while organisms with the medium characteristic have a higher fitness is identified as?

Stabilization selection

Explanation:

Natural selection involves the differential survival and growth of organisms which have suitable traits to survive in unfavorable or adverse environment. Such traits are passed on to the next generation. Stabilization selection is a type of natural selection in which the nature selects the non-extreme phenotypic traits. Middle traits are selected and such organisms grow and reproduce. Example can be given that of human babies in which babies with low weight lose more heat and babies with high weight are difficult to be delivered from the pelvis. Therefore, babies with middle weight are expected to survive more than that of low or middle weight.

the correct answer is - d. china has a large and growing population.

the fact that china has a large (the biggest) population, and it is still growing, doesn't hinder the agriculture production in the country. in fact, it can for increased production in the agriculture, since there's more labor force, as well the sheer mass of people produces lots of scientists that come up with new inventions as to how to improve this sector. nice example is the inner mongolia region in china, in general dominated by the gobi desert, but few scientist came up with a nice idea as to how to make the region productive by using plants that are very resistant to droughts, so lots of people have been employed, and the region is becoming greener and greener each year, and the production of food in this region is also increasing.

for example, no new evidence will demonstrate that the earth does not orbit around the sun (heliocentric theory), or that living things are not made of cells (cell theory), that matter is not composed of atoms, or that the surface of the earth is not divided into solid plates that have moved over geological timescales .