When the drug dinitrophenol (DNP) is added to mitochondria, the inner membrane becomes permeable to protons (H ). In contrast, when the drug nigericin is added to mitochondria, the inner membrane becomes permeable to K . (A) How does the electrochemical proton gradient change in response to DNP

When coal has reached it hardest, darkest form, it is called select one: 0 a. sub-bituminous b. lignite c. bituminous d. antrhacite next page

(me out over the last several centuries, scientists have made the following broad observations while investigating several branches of the life sciences: -the fossil record shows that different types of organisms have existed at different times in earth's history. -many organisms have similar body structures that seem to be adapted to different ways of living in their environment. -organisms of different species often share similarities in stages of embryonic development. -many species share genetic similarities, and almost all organisms use the same basic building blocks to construct proteins. -often, the extent of two species' similarities can be predicted from their geographic closeness to each other. -a great deal of change has been observed among species that have experienced strong selective pressures through many generations. scientists have carefully considered and rigorously tested the observations listed above. when scientists offer a of these observations, they are making 1.) testable explanation, deductive explanation 2.) scientific interference, scientific law

According to the article, what valid claim came from the national research council? there is no association between fluoride exposure and increased cancer risk in humans. there is a possible link between fluoride exposure and increased cancer risk in humans. there is a definite link between fluoride exposure and increased cancer risk in humans.