Upwelling waters originate from the bottom of the ocean and are a.) trade wind
b.) offshore
c.) cold​

The is an estimate of the fewest number of organisms a population needs to avoid extinction. this measurement will most if the number of offspring each female in the population produces increases. if the population's this measurement will most likely increase. 1 population density, minimum viable population, carrying capacity 2 decrease, be unaffected, increase 3 death rate increase, dead rate decrease