What are the two basic steps of polypeptide synthesis?

The two basic steps of polypetide synthesis are Transcription and translation. In transcription, the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template. Only one strand of DNA is copied, and a single gene may be transcribed thousands of times. Translation - the process where ribsomes synthesize proteins using the mature mRNA transcript produced during transcription. The ribsomes attaches to mRNA, and then moves along the mRNA adding amino acids to the growing polypetide chain.