During upwelling, nutrient-rich water rises to the surface. how would this most likely affect the biotic components of the ecosystems where the upwelling is taking place?

increase in species numbers and diversity
decrease in currents and tides
increase in salinity
increase in temperature

Increase in species numbers and diversity

Explanation:

Upwelling is an oceanographic phenomena in which the water from the bottom layers of the ocean usually above the seafloor get displaced and reach upto the surface layers with the effect of wind currents. The water carries away along with it the nutrients and the organic matter to the surface layers which allows the efficient growth of plant and planktonic diversity which favors the growth of sea animals like fishes and others. Hence, by this way the species diversity and numbers increases by the process of upwelling.