Which limiting factor will most likely affect a tree population regardless of its density?

a) competition with a nonnative tree species
b) the introduction of an insect-born disease
c) competition with individuals of its own
d) a widespread drought through the ecosystem

D) a widespread drought through the ecosystem

Explanation:

A limiting factor is the one which can limit the growth, abundance and distribution of the population of a species in an ecosystem or any other region. A density independent limiting factor is the factor which limits the population of the species irrespective of it's density.

A drought is a natural calamity which can affect the population of the species naturally. This can limit the population irrespective of the density of the population.

every el niño cycle is different. every year.