Which can modern taxonomy do? design tables based on physical characteristicscompare the length of dna among members of a speciescompare the length of rna among members of a speciesdistinguish how closely related organisms are?

The right answer is to distinguish how closely related organisms are.

Taxonomy or taxonomy is a branch of biology, whose purpose is to describe living organisms and to group them into entities called taxons to identify, name and classify them through determination keys. It completes the systematics which is the science that organizes the classification of taxa and their relations (these two sciences are so closely linked that the difference between taxonomy and systematics is not always done). Among these taxonomies, the most recent ones include a new conceptual approach to classification but also taxonomies of analysis of empirical elements long ignored by science before the arrival, during the second half of the twentieth century, of the discoveries of molecular biology.

The taxonomy now extends to other sciences, including the humanities and social sciences, information sciences and computer science.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.