What did j. j. thomson’s experiments with cathode ray tubes imply about the mass of an electron?
electrons are many thousand times larger than the nucleus and negatively charged.
electrons are many thousand times smaller than the nucleus and positively charged.
electrons are many thousand times smaller than the nucleus and negatively charged.
electrons are many thousand times larger than the nucleus and possess no charge.

Correct C). Electrons are many thousand times smaller than the nucleus and negatively charged.

J.J Thomson in his first experiment with cathode ray tube discovered that cathode rays and the charge that was deposited are intrinsically linked together.

In his second experiment, he discovered that the charge in the cathode ray tube was negative. And from that, he deduces that cathode rays are made of negatively charged particles.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.