Why are the carbon cycle, the phosphorous cycle, the water cycle, and the nitrogen cycle all considered to be biogeochemical cycles? because all these cycles include the organisms inhabiting water, land, and air. because all these cycles include living organisms, the biosphere, and the chemical factors in them. because all these cycles include nonliving organisms, the atmosphere, and the physical factors in them

The correct answer is- Because all cycles of these elements include living organisms, the biosphere, and the chemical factors that are present them.

A biogeochemical cycle can be described as the cycling of chemical substances through the biotic ( that includes the living forms, which is present in the biosphere) and abiotic ( that includes the non living parts, which lie in the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere compartments of Earth) component.

The cycling of phosphorous, water, nitrogen, and carbon occurs through living and non living compartments of earth.

Thus, they are considered as biogeochemical cycle.

1) gene flow

- it is described as the transfer of genes from one population to another population so that frequency of gene is increased.

-a zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.

2) natural selection

- a mechanism of evolutionary change in which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce whereas the others ( those that can not adapt) eliminate from the population.

-competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.

3) mutation

- permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of dna ( genetic material) that could have harmful or useful consequences.

-the dna of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.

4) genetic drift - it is a random phenomenon ( that occurs by chance such as fire) that results in change in the gene frequency in a small population.    

-a grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.

explanation: