If a male dog has 20 chromosomes in his sperm cell, how many does he have in his body cell?

What causes the force that pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe and vent of a volcano?

In which terrestrial biome can you find trees that produce cones instead of flowers and needles instead of leaves? have trees that produce cones instead of flowers and needles instead of leaves. the latitudes in this biome have evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. is it high or low

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).