Which sequence best summarizes lactic acid fermentation?

a) glucose → lactic acid + ethyl alcohol

b) glucose → carbon dioxide + ethyl alcohol + energy

c) glucose → carbon dioxide + lactic acid + energy

d) glucose → lactic acid + energy

Answer;

D) glucose → lactic acid + energy

Explanation;

Fermentation refers to the process in which energy in form of ATP is generated in the absence of oxygen, through glycolysis alone.

Thus, Lactic acid fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration that takes place in the muscle cells in which glucose is broken down to yield fast energy and lactic acid as a byproduct.

This type of anaerobic respiration converts pyruvate, final product of glycolysis, to lactic acid with regenaration of NAD+, which allows a continued production of ATP by glycolysis. Therefore, the muscles continues to produce energy when oxygen levels are low.

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