Atheory of evolution that states that a species evolves in spurts of rapid change and then goes through periods of no change is known as
adaptive radiation
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
punctuated equilibrium

punctuated equilibrium

Explanation:

Punctuated equilibrium a model of evolution that explains evolutionary pattern as exhibited by fossils. According to punctuated equilibrium, a species undergoes a long period of no change or no evolution. This period of no change is called "stasis". And stasis is sometimes interrupted by a rapid phase of evolution. This pattern of evolution with long static phage interrupted by rapid phage of changes is called punctuated equilibrium.

it has one origin of replication, but it proceeds in two directions - d)

meteorologists would compare a new weather map with one 24 h old to see how fast a front is moving.