Analysis questions (2 points each)
1. crossing over, between non-sister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity. this process most likely leads to an increase in which of the following?
a. the expression of dominant traits
b. number of gametes
c. the occurrence of polyploidy
d. genetic variation

2. which of these must occur during s phase, of the cell cycle, so that two daughter cells can be produced during m phase?
a. the dna must be replicated
b. the chromosomes must be joined
c. the cytoplasm must be separated
d. the cell membrane must be expanded

3. the leaf cells of the white oak (quercus alba) contain 24 chromosomes. after meiosis is complete, how many chromosomes are in the new cells?
a. 12
b. 20
c. 24
d. 48

4. a cut on a frog’s foot will repair itself using the process of –
a. mitosis
b. meiosis
c. phagocytosis
d. pinocytosis

Ineed to know why d is the correct answer asap

Mouse liver cells were homogenized and the homogenate subjected to equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation with sucrose gradients. fractions obtained from these gradients were assayed for marker molecules (i.e., molecules that are limited to specific organelles). the results of these assays are shown in the figure. the marker molecules have the following functions: cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme involved in the process by which atp is formed in the complete aerobic degradation of glucose or fatty acids; ribosomal rna forms part of the protein-synthesizing ribosomes; catalase catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; acid phosphatase hydrolysis monophosphoric esters at acid ph; cytidylyltransferase is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; and amino acid permease aids in transport of amino acids across membranes. a) name the marker molecule and give the number of the fraction that is most enriched for each of the following cell components: lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

One of the purposes of transcription is to produce a sequence of bases that