What is the largest natural population of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring?

Species

A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile and viable offspring is called a species.

Further Explanation:

Species is a biodiversity unit and is considered as a basic unit of classification. It is defined as the largest population of organisms present naturally the members of which can mate together depending on their appropriate sexes and can produce fertile progeny by means of sexual reproduction. The two species differ from each other when the organisms from the respective species cannot mate and produce offspring that are fertile.

The individuals of a particular species have common internal and external features that are due to their DNA. The two organisms will have a close relationship if their DNA content has more common sequences. For example, a person’s DNA will be more similar to his/ her mother or father in comparison to their grandparents or cousins DNA. The members belonging to the same species have a high-level of DNA similarity and therefore, share maximum characteristics and behavioral similarities among themselves which is responsible for successful reproduction.

Certain individuals may appear similar but might belong to two different species. In such cases, the interbreeding is not possible. For example, African fish eagles and bald eagles are two different species but are both considered eagles and birds. Even when the egg and sperm from bald eagle and African fish eagle, respectively, are artificially fertilized, an offspring might be produced but would be infertile. This is because in different species different sets of genes are involved in the course of development. Therefore, it might be difficult to produce viable progeny with two species of a different developmental process.

Learn More:

1. Learn more about meiosis

2. Learn more about the process of molecular diffusion in a cell

3. Learn more about human sperm and egg cell

Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: Species

Subject: Biology

Keywords:

Species, population, organisms, interbreeding, sexual reproduction, fertile offspring, DNA sequence.

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