What effect does an existing soil presence have on the seral stages of secondary succession and the time it takes to return to the climax community compared to primary succession?

Elephants in the savanna regions of africa dig holes in dried up river beds to reach water lying just below the surface. these holes provide drinking water for other animals as well. so, without the elephants, many animals might otherwise die from lack of water during the dry season. the location in which the elephants live is an example of a/n and the role they play in creating water holes is an example of a a) ecosystem; habitat b) community; niche c) habitat; niche d) niche; habitat

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a serious condition caused by a recessive allele of a gene on the human x chromosome. the patients have muscles that weaken over time because they have absent or decreased dystrophin, a muscle protein. they rarely live past their twenties. how likely is it for a woman to have this condition? a) women can never have this condition.b) one-fourth of the daughters of an affected man would have this condition.c) one-half of the daughters of an affected father and a carrier mother could have this condition.d) only if a woman is xxx could she have this condition.

Me brainliest 1. what does a red shift mean? blue shift? 2. describe the big bang theory. according to this theory, how old is the universe? 3. scientists believe the universe is expanding. what is the evidence that supports this? 4. describe a nebula.5. describe the 3 types of galaxies. what is a barred spiral galaxy? 6. what is a light year? how far is alpha centauri from earth? 7. describe the universal law of gravitation. be sure to include gravitational force between two objects.8. describe the planets’ orbits around the sun.9. what is the asteroid belt? where is it located? 10. describe rotation and revolution of earth. what determines an earth day and year? 11. how do galaxies exist? 12. compare and contrast the inner and outer planets.13. what causes the seasons?