What is the basic structure of a virus?
a. a bacteriophage surrounded by a membrane
b. dna or rna surrounded by a protein coat
c. a tiny cell surrounded by a cell wall
d. a capsid surrounded by a protein coat

Scientist have long study the earths climate by looking at which of the following? the earths orbit. the earths rock layers. the antarctic ice. the earths oceans.

Salmonella typhimurium is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that can cause severe gastrointestinal disease. salmonella is often phagocytosed by macrophages that normally destroy bacterial pathogens, but this bacterium is somehow able to prevent the complete maturation of phagolysosomes. salmonella is able to tolerate the low ph of phagolysosomes, and in fact responds to the drop in ph by secreting toxins that interfere with other cellular responses. which of the following differences would you expect to contribute to the survival of a bacterium within an salmonella-containing phagosome, compared to a healthy phagolysosome? decreased activity of acid hydrolases increased activity of acid hydrolases decreased import of h+ ions increased import of h+ ions my guess is decreased activity of acid hydrolases but i'm not sure.

The tubes transporting minerals and water upward are called ?