Atmosphere it's the sand, rock, or the big mountain top. 2. biosphere it's the dark, deep, blue seas and oceans. 3. cryosphere it's all the ice. 4. lithosphere it's you, me, the dog across the street, and the tree in the front yard. 5. hydrosphere it's very gassy up here!

If the coding part of an mrna molecule is 1800 nucleotides (bases) in length, this molecule will contain codons and code for a polypeptide that is amino acids long.

Which is an advantage of having memory cells when a pathogen is encountered for a second time. a) the memory cells are what proliferate into clones of cells in response to the binding of an antigen. b) memory cells are vital to the primary immune response in that they immediately recognize pathogens even at the first encounter. c) memory cells are essentially effector cells that are short lived and attack antigens even without having a receptor specific to that antigen. d) it ensures that more lymphocytes with a receptor specific to a particular antigen will be present than in a host that had never encountered that pathogen.

What best explains the inability for life to exist in earth early atmosphere