Karyotypes can be studied to determine an organism’s chromosomal makeup and to detect genetic defects. patau syndrome occurs when an individual has an extra copy of chromosome 13, giving them three copies. symptoms of patau syndrome include extra digits, seizures, and cleft palate. which word would geneticists use to describe the cause of patau syndrome?
a) diploidy
b) homologous
c) heterozygous
d) trisomy

The correct answer will be option D (trisomy).

Explanation:

Patau syndrome is a genetic disorder associated with physical abnormalities and severe intellectual disability. It is a type of chromosomal abnormality as it is caused by the formation of one extra copy of chromosome 13.

The extra copy of chromosome 13 comes from either mother or father due to error occur during formation of egg or sperm cells and attachment of that extra copy by a process called translocation causing cell to have three copies of same chromosome.

In patau syndrome, cells contains three copies of same chromosome instead of two, this condition is known as trisomy and since, chromosome 13 is involved it is also known as "trisomy 13".

Thus, option D trisomy is the correct answer.

the answers are as following:

1. c. double helix, nucleosome, coil, supercoil, chromosome

2. b. g2 phase, preparation for mitosis

3. d. interphase consists of the g1, s, and g2 phases

4. c. metaphase

5. a. chromosomes are duplicated before cell division so that each new daughter cell has a complete set

a) carbon, hydrogen

b) carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

c) carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

d) sugar

e) amino acid

f) nucleotide